Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
Conjunctivitis, more commonly known as “pink eye”, is one of the most common eye conditions worldwide.
It occurs when the conjunctiva — the thin, transparent layer covering the white part of the eye — becomes inflamed or infected, causing the eye to appear pink or red.
Pink eye frequently affects children and parents of newborns because of its highly contagious nature, but anyone can develop the condition.
If you think you may have pink eye, visit your eye doctor. Pink eye is highly treatable and is generally not considered serious. Contact Inner Harbour Optometry in Victoria, BC to book your appointment today.
What is Pink Eye?
The medical term conjunctivitis comes from the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent membrane that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelid. When this tissue becomes inflamed, the result is commonly known as pink eye.
In most cases, pink eye is caused by a mild viral or bacterial infection. Symptoms will often clear on their own within a couple of weeks. While conjunctivitis is usually not considered serious, some cases may require medical treatment.
Symptoms
The most recognizable symptom of pink eye is redness or a pink appearance in the whites of the eyes. You may also notice:
- Watery eyes
- Itchiness or irritation
- Swelling around the eyes
- A gritty or burning sensation
- Discharge or crusting around the eyelids, especially after sleeping
In more serious cases, pink eye can cause eye pain, light sensitivity, or blurred vision. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your optometrist as soon as possible.
Causes of Pink Eye
Pink eye can develop in several different ways. Infection is the most common cause, but allergies and environmental irritants can also trigger similar symptoms.
Infection
Most cases of pink eye are caused by either a virus or bacteria. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious and commonly spread in schools, daycare settings, and households.
When medical professionals refer to conjunctivitis, they are usually referring to viral or bacterial infections affecting the eye.
Allergic Reaction
Allergies to pollen, dust, pet dander, and other irritants can also cause redness, itchiness, and watery eyes. Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious.
Environmental Irritants
Environmental irritants such as chlorine from swimming pools, smoke, smog, or chemical exposure can also cause eye redness and irritation that resembles pink eye.
How Pink Eye Spreads
Viral and bacterial pink eye can spread through direct or indirect contact with infected eye secretions.
Direct contact can occur through touching the eyes or close personal interaction. Frequent hand washing and avoiding touching your eyes can help reduce the spread of infection.
Indirect contact can occur through shared personal items such as:
- Towels
- Makeup brushes
- Eye drops
- Pillowcases
- Sunglasses
If someone in your household has pink eye, wash personal items frequently and consider using disposable paper towels until the infection clears.
Treatments for Pink Eye
The good news is that many cases of pink eye resolve on their own within a few days to a couple of weeks.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Applying a warm compress to the eyes can help relieve discomfort and irritation.
If your symptoms are caused by a bacterial infection, your optometrist may prescribe antibiotic eye drops or ointment. Allergic conjunctivitis may improve with antihistamine eye drops or allergy medication.
Always wash your hands thoroughly before applying eye drops or touching the area around your eyes.
In more severe cases, prescription antiviral medication, corticosteroids, or additional treatments may be necessary to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.
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